End cash position is the cash the company holds at the close of the period, the final line of the cash flow statement. The arithmetic behind it is simple: cash at the start, plus the net change in cash, equals cash at the end. In our coffee shop, starting the year with $30,000 and gaining $12,000 leaves us ending on $42,000. That same figure appears on the balance sheet as cash and equivalents, which is how the two statements tie together.
Read it next to the net change, because they answer different questions. The change tells you the direction of travel, the end position tells you the cushion. Our shop could lose $10,000 in a bad year and still sit comfortably on $32,000, or gain cash all year and still end dangerously thin because it started with almost nothing. Direction matters, but the cushion is what the company faces the future with.